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Sedation and Analgesia in the Critically Ill Adult

Assessing Pain in Non-Intubated Critically Ill Patients Unable to Self Report: an Adaptation of the Behavioral Pain Scale

Epidemiology of Sedation and Sedation Adequacy for Mechanically Ventilated Patients in a Medical and Surgical Intensive Care Unit

Patient-Focused Sedation and Analgesia in the ICU

Monitoring Sedation Status Over Time in ICU Patients Reliability and Validity of the Richmond Agitation Sedation Scale (RASS)

The Richmond Agitation–Sedation Scale Validity and Reliability in Adult Intensive Care Unit Patients

Sedation and Analgesia in German Intensive Care Units: How is it Done in Reality? Results of a Patient-Based Survey of Analgesia and Sedation

DELIRIUM: diagnosis, prevention and management - Clinical Guideline 103

A Communication Strategy and Brochure for Relatives of Patients Dying in the ICU

Early Intra-Intensive Care Unit Psychological Intervention Promotes Recovery from Post Traumatic Stress Disorders, Anxiety and Depression Symptoms in Critically Ill Patients

Depression and PTSD among Family Members of ICU Care Associated with Symptoms of those who Die in the ICU

The Long-Term Psychological Effects of Daily Sedative Interruption on Critically Ill Patients

Post-Traumatic Stress Disorder after Weaning from Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation

Intensive Care Diaries Reduce New Onset Post Traumatic Stress Disorder Following Critical Illness: a Randomised, Controlled Trial

Memory, Delusions, and the Development of Acute Post Traumatic Stress Disorder-Related Symptoms after Intensive Care

The Prevalence of Post Traumatic Stress Disorder in Survivors of ICU Treatment: a Systematic Review

Sleep in the Critically Ill Patient

Sleep and Delirium in ICU Patients: a Review of Mechanisms and Manifestations

Sleep and Delirium in the Intensive Care Unit

Effects of Earplugs and Eye Masks on Nocturnal Sleep,Melatonin and Cortisol in a Simulated Intensive Care Unit Environment

Sleep and Recovery from Critical Illness and Injury: A Review of Theory, Current Practice, and Future Directions

Patient Perception of Sleep Quality and Etiology of Sleep Disruption in the Intensive Care Unit

General Anesthesia, Sleep, and Coma

Sleep Measurement in Critical Care Patients: Research and Clinical Implications

Sleep Disruption in Critically Ill Patients –Pharmacological Considerations

Delirium in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Validity and Reliability of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU)

Delirium Assessment in the Critically Ill

The Impact of Delirium on Clinical Outcomes in MechanicallyVentilated Surgical and Trauma Patients

The Importance of Diagnosing and Managing ICU Delirium

Different Assessment Tools for Intensive Care Unit Delirium: Which Score to Use?

Use of a Validated Delirium Assessment Tool Improves theAbility of Physicians to Identify Delirium in Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients

Implementation of a Delirium Assessment Tool in the ICU Can Influence Haloperidol Use

Occurrence of Delirium is Severely Underestimated in the ICU during Daily Care

Delirium Epidemiology in Critical Care (DECCA): an International Study

Benzodiazepine and Opioid Use and the Duration of Intensive Care Unit Delirium in an Older Population

Days of Delirium Are Associated with 1-Year Mortality in an Older Intensive Care Unit Population

Prevalence and Risk Factors for Development of Delirium in Surgical and Trauma Intensive Care Unit Patients

Incidence, Risk Factors and Consequences of ICU Delirium

Understanding International Differences in Terminology for Delirium and Other Types of Acute Brain Dysfunction in Critically Ill Patients

Early Nutrition Support in Critical Care: a European Perspective

Cognitive Improvement During Continuous Sedation in Critically Ill, Awake and Responsive Patients: the Acute Neurological ICU Sedation Trial (ANIST)

Reducing Iatrogenic Risks : ICU-Acquired Delirium and Weakness – Crossing the Quality Chasm

Scoring System for the Selection of High-risk Patients in the Intensive Care Unit

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Maintenance of Patient Physical Safety in the Intensive Care Unit: Use of Restraining Therapies - American College of Critical Care Medicine Task Force 2001 - 2002

Scales for Evaluating Self-Perceived Anxiety Levels in Patients Admitted to Intensive Care Units: A Review

The “Open” ICU: not Just a Question of Time

Visiting Policies in Italian Intensive Care Units: a Nationwide Survey

Open Intensive Care Units: the Case in Favour

Stressors in ICU: Perception of the Patient, Relatives and Health Care Team

Early Physical and Occupational Therapy in Mechanically Ventilated, Critically Ill Patients: a Randomised Controlled Trial

Severe Agitation among Ventilated Medical Intensive Care Unit Patients: Frequency, Characteristics and Outcomes

A Screening, Prevention, and Restoration Model for Saving the Injured Brain in Intensive Care Unit Survivors

Long-Term Complications of Critical Care

Early Enteral Nutrition in Acutely Ill Patients: A Systematic Review

Time to Wake Up the Patients in the ICU: a Crazy Idea or Common Sense?

Pharmacological Actions of Melatonin in Oxygen Radical Pathophysiology

Stressors in ICU - Patients Evaluation

Patients’ Recollections of Stressful Experiences while Receiving Prolonged Mechanical Ventilation in an Intensive Care Unit

Self-Reported Symptom Experience of Critically Ill Cancer Patients Receiving Intensive Care

Delirium in Mechanically Ventilated Patients: Validity and Reliability of the Confusion Assessment Method for the Intensive Care Unit (CAM-ICU)

Which Medications to Avoid in People at Risk of Delirium: a Systematic Review

Clinical Review: Agitation and Delirium in the Critically Ill – Significance and Management

Efficacy and Safety of a Paired Sedation and Ventilator Weaning Protocol for Mechanically Ventilated Patients in Intensive Care (Awakening and Breathing Controlled trial): a Randomised Controlled Trial

Actigraphic Monitoring in Critically Ill Patients: Preliminary Results toward an “Observation-Guided Sedation”

Conscious Sedation in the Critically Ill Ventilated Patient

Dexmedetomidine vs Midazolam for Sedation of Critically Ill Patients: A Randomized Trial

Effect of Sedation With Dexmedetomidine vs Lorazepam on Acute Brain Dysfunction in Mechanically Ventilated Patient The MENDS Randomized Controlled Trial

Long-term Sedation in Intensive Care Unit:a Randomized Comparison between Inhaled Sevoflurane and Intravenous Propofol or Midazolam

Sedation in the Critically Ill Ventilated Patient: Possible Role of Enteral Drugs

Pushing the Envelope to Reduce Sedation in Critically Ill Patients

A Systematic Review of the Impact of Sedation Practice in the ICU on Resource Use, Costs and Patient Safety

Current Practices in Sedation and Analgesia for Mechanically Ventilated Critically Ill Patients.A Prospective Multicenter Patient-based Study

Auditory Event-Related Potentials, Bispectral Index, and Entropy for the Discrimination of Different Levels of Sedation in Intensive Care Unit Patients

Melatonin in Humans

Pharmacokinetics of Orally Administered Melatonin in Critically Ill Patients

Melatonin Reduces Oxidative Stress in Surgical Neonates.

Melatonin: Possible Implications for the Postoperative and Critically Ill Patient

Melatonin Therapy to Improve Nocturnal Sleep in Critically Ill Patients:Encouraging Results from a Small Randomised Controlled Trial

Melatonin as Pharmacologic Support in Burn Patients: A Proposed Solution to Thermal Injury–Related Lymphocytopenia and Oxidative Damage

Impaired Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin Secretion in Sedated Critically Ill Patients with Severe Sepsis

Postoperative Delirium and Melatonin Levels in Elderly Patients

Melatonin Improves Sleep in Asthma A Randomized, Double-blind, Placebo-controlled Study

Abolished Circadian Rhythm of Melatonin Secretion in Sedated and Artificially Ventilated Intensive Care Patients

Sedation or Analgo-sedation in the ICU:A Multimodality Approach

Adverse Events Associated with Sedatives, Analgesics, and Other Drugs That Provide Patient Comfort in the Intensive Care Unit

A Protocol of No Sedation for Critically Ill Patients Receiving Mechanical Ventilation: a Randomised Trial

A Prospective, Randomized, Double-Blind, Multicenter Study Comparing Remifentanil with Fentanyl in Mechanically Ventilated Patients

Evidence and Consensus-Based German Guidelines for the Management of Analgesia, Sedation and Delirium in Intensive Care – Short Version

Clinical Practice Guidelines for the Sustained Use of Sedatives and Analgesics in the Critically Ill Adult

Assessing Pain in Critically Ill Sedated Patients by Using a Behavioral Pain Scale

Analgesia and Sedation in the Intensive Care Unit: an Overview of the Issues

Decreased duration of mechanical ventilation when comparing analgesia-based sedation using remifentanil with standard hypnotic-based sedation for up to 10 days in intensive care unit patients: a randomised trial [ISRCTN47583497]

Use of Remifentanil as a Sedative Agent in Critically Ill Adult Patients: a Meta-Analysis

Sedation and Analgesia in the Intensive Care Unit

The Use of the Behavioral Pain Scale to Assess Pain in Conscious Sedated Patients

Stressors and Open ICU

Postoperative Delirium: The Importance of Pain and Pain Management

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Gestire il dolore

Flowchart dolore
ico-vnr

VNR

BPS

Gestire la sedazione

Flowchart sedaz/agitaz
ico-rass

RASS

Gestire il delirium

Flowchart Delirium
ico-manuale-cam-icu

Manuale CAM-ICU
ico-schedalavoro-cam-icu

Scheda di lavoro CAM-ICU
ico-icdsc

ICDSC

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